-----------------------------------File Commands
ls – directory listing
ls -al – formatted listing with hidden files
cd dir - change directory to dir
cd – change to home
pwd – show current directory
mkdir dir – create a directory dir
rm file – delete file
rm -r dir – delete directory dir
rm -f file – force remove file
rm -rf dir – force remove directory dir *
cp file1 file2 – copy file1 to file2
cp -r dir1 dir2 – copy dir1 to dir2; create dir2 if it doesn't exist
mv file1 file2 – rename or move file1 to file2 if file2 is an existing directory, moves file1 into Directory file2
ln -s file link – create symbolic link link to file
touch file – create or update file
cat > file – places standard input into file
more file – output the contents of file
head file – output the first 10 lines of file
tail file – output the last 10 lines of file
tail -f file – output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines
find size=0, mtime +2
-----------------------------------Process Management
ps – display your currently active processes
top – display all running processes
kill pid – kill process id pid
killall proc – kill all processes named proc *
bg – lists stopped or background jobs; resume a stopped job in the background
fg – brings the most recent job to foreground
fg n – brings job n to the foreground
vmstat
sar
iostat
-----------------------------------File Permissions
chmod octal file – change the permissions of file to octal, which can be found separately for user,group, and world by adding:
? 4 – read (r)
? 2 – write (w)
? 1 – execute (x)
Examples:
chmod 777 – read, write, execute for all
chmod 755 – rwx for owner, rx for group and world
-----------------------------------SSH
ssh user@host – connect to host as user
ssh -p port user@host – connect to host on port
port as user
ssh-copy-id user@host – add your key to host for
user to enable a keyed or passwordless login
scp filename 10.150.1.26://home/app/.
ssh 10.150.1.26
ssh 10.150.1.26 date
-----------------------------------Searching
grep pattern files – search for pattern in files
grep -r pattern dir – search recursively for pattern in dir
command | grep pattern – search for pattern in the output of command
locate file – find all instances of file
-----------------------------------System Info
date – show the current date and time
cal – show this month's calendar
uptime – show current uptime
w – display who is online
whoami – who you are logged in as
finger user – display information about user
uname -a – show kernel information
cat /proc/cpuinfo – cpu information
cat /proc/meminfo – memory information
cat /etc/hosts
cat /etc/init.d/
cat /etc/var/log/messages
service network restart
cat /etc/sysctl.conf
/sbin/sysctl -p
man command – show the manual for command
df – show disk usage
du – show directory space usage
free – show memory and swap usage
whereis app – show possible locations of app
which app – show which app will be run by default
fdisk -l
fdisk /dev/sda
parted
umount /u01
mount -a
xhost +
vi .bash_profile
. .bash_profile
mounted
mounted.ocfs2 -d
mounted.ocfs2 -f
swap on
swap off
mkswap
groupadd oinstall
useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba
passwd
mount -cifs 10.150.250.14://sharedfolder /u01 -o user=root
fsck
unset
export
uname -a
-----------------------------------Compression
tar cf file.tar files – create a tar named file.tar containing files
tar xf file.tar – extract the files from file.tar
tar czf file.tar.gz files – create a tar with Gzip compression
tar xzf file.tar.gz – extract a tar using Gzip
tar cjf file.tar.bz2 – create a tar with Bzip2 compression
tar xjf file.tar.bz2 – extract a tar using Bzip2
gzip file – compresses file and renames it to file.gz
gzip -d file.gz – decompresses file.gz back to file
-----------------------------------Installation
Install from source:
./configure
make
make install
dpkg -i pkg.deb – install a package (Debian)
rpm -Uvh pkg.rpm – install a package (RPM)
rpm -ivh pkg.rpm
rpm -qa pkg*
crontab -e
* * * * * sh /u01/abc.sh
1 2 3 4 5
1 minutes
2 hours
3 days
4 months
5 weeks
ls – directory listing
ls -al – formatted listing with hidden files
cd dir - change directory to dir
cd – change to home
pwd – show current directory
mkdir dir – create a directory dir
rm file – delete file
rm -r dir – delete directory dir
rm -f file – force remove file
rm -rf dir – force remove directory dir *
cp file1 file2 – copy file1 to file2
cp -r dir1 dir2 – copy dir1 to dir2; create dir2 if it doesn't exist
mv file1 file2 – rename or move file1 to file2 if file2 is an existing directory, moves file1 into Directory file2
ln -s file link – create symbolic link link to file
touch file – create or update file
cat > file – places standard input into file
more file – output the contents of file
head file – output the first 10 lines of file
tail file – output the last 10 lines of file
tail -f file – output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines
find size=0, mtime +2
-----------------------------------Process Management
ps – display your currently active processes
top – display all running processes
kill pid – kill process id pid
killall proc – kill all processes named proc *
bg – lists stopped or background jobs; resume a stopped job in the background
fg – brings the most recent job to foreground
fg n – brings job n to the foreground
vmstat
sar
iostat
-----------------------------------File Permissions
chmod octal file – change the permissions of file to octal, which can be found separately for user,group, and world by adding:
? 4 – read (r)
? 2 – write (w)
? 1 – execute (x)
Examples:
chmod 777 – read, write, execute for all
chmod 755 – rwx for owner, rx for group and world
-----------------------------------SSH
ssh user@host – connect to host as user
ssh -p port user@host – connect to host on port
port as user
ssh-copy-id user@host – add your key to host for
user to enable a keyed or passwordless login
scp filename 10.150.1.26://home/app/.
ssh 10.150.1.26
ssh 10.150.1.26 date
-----------------------------------Searching
grep pattern files – search for pattern in files
grep -r pattern dir – search recursively for pattern in dir
command | grep pattern – search for pattern in the output of command
locate file – find all instances of file
-----------------------------------System Info
date – show the current date and time
cal – show this month's calendar
uptime – show current uptime
w – display who is online
whoami – who you are logged in as
finger user – display information about user
uname -a – show kernel information
cat /proc/cpuinfo – cpu information
cat /proc/meminfo – memory information
cat /etc/hosts
cat /etc/init.d/
cat /etc/var/log/messages
service network restart
cat /etc/sysctl.conf
/sbin/sysctl -p
man command – show the manual for command
df – show disk usage
du – show directory space usage
free – show memory and swap usage
whereis app – show possible locations of app
which app – show which app will be run by default
fdisk -l
fdisk /dev/sda
parted
umount /u01
mount -a
xhost +
vi .bash_profile
. .bash_profile
mounted
mounted.ocfs2 -d
mounted.ocfs2 -f
swap on
swap off
mkswap
groupadd oinstall
useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba
passwd
mount -cifs 10.150.250.14://sharedfolder /u01 -o user=root
fsck
unset
export
uname -a
-----------------------------------Compression
tar cf file.tar files – create a tar named file.tar containing files
tar xf file.tar – extract the files from file.tar
tar czf file.tar.gz files – create a tar with Gzip compression
tar xzf file.tar.gz – extract a tar using Gzip
tar cjf file.tar.bz2 – create a tar with Bzip2 compression
tar xjf file.tar.bz2 – extract a tar using Bzip2
gzip file – compresses file and renames it to file.gz
gzip -d file.gz – decompresses file.gz back to file
-----------------------------------Installation
Install from source:
./configure
make
make install
dpkg -i pkg.deb – install a package (Debian)
rpm -Uvh pkg.rpm – install a package (RPM)
rpm -ivh pkg.rpm
rpm -qa pkg*
crontab -e
* * * * * sh /u01/abc.sh
1 2 3 4 5
1 minutes
2 hours
3 days
4 months
5 weeks
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